As Japan welcomes an increasing number of international visitors, understanding local customs and etiquette becomes paramount. Japan’s unique social codes can seem complex to newcomers, but mastering these basic principles will ensure a more pleasant experience for both visitors and locals alike.
1. Behaviour in Public Spaces
The Japanese value quietness in public areas, particularly on public transport. Whilst travelling on trains and buses:
- Keep your voice down during conversations
- Avoid mobile phone calls (if urgent, step away or speak quietly)
- Refrain from eating whilst walking
- Remove backpacks in crowded spaces
- Mind personal space, even in crowded situations
2. The Culture of Removing Shoes
Proper shoe etiquette is fundamental in Japan:
- Always remove shoes when entering homes, traditional inns (ryokan), and certain restaurants
- Look for shoe removal signs and dedicated entrance areas (genkan)
- Ensure your socks are clean and hole-free
- Never step on the genkan with socks or bare feet
- Position your shoes neatly, pointing towards the exit
- Use designated slippers for indoor spaces, switching to special ones for toilets
3. Dining Etiquette
Japanese table manners require particular attention:
- Begin meals with “itadakimasu” and end with “gochisousama”
- Master basic chopstick etiquette:
- Never stick chopsticks vertically in rice
- Avoid passing food directly between chopsticks
- Don’t point with chopsticks or use them as utensils
- Slurping noodles is acceptable and often appreciated
- Lift small bowls towards your mouth whilst eating
- Use serving chopsticks (when provided) for shared dishes
4. Queuing Culture
The Japanese queuing system demonstrates consideration for others:
- Form orderly queues for public transport
- Wait behind marked lines on train platforms
- Allow passengers to disembark before boarding
- Avoid queue-jumping in any situation
- Maintain queue etiquette even during busy periods
5. Waste Management
Japan’s approach to rubbish disposal reflects their environmental consciousness:
- Public bins are scarce; carry your rubbish until you find disposal facilities
- Separate rubbish according to type (when disposal is available)
- Never litter, even cigarette butts
- Take all rubbish with you from parks and tourist sites
6. Bathing Etiquette
When visiting onsen (hot springs) or sento (public baths):
- Wash thoroughly before entering the bath
- Never use soap or shampoo in the main bath
- Keep your small towel out of the water
- Remove all clothing (swimming costumes are not permitted)
- Be aware that visible tattoos may restrict entry
7. Photography Protocol
Respect local customs regarding photography:
- Observe ‘no photography’ signs, particularly in temples and shrines
- Seek permission before photographing individuals
- Avoid using selfie sticks in crowded areas
- Be mindful of sacred spaces and ceremonial activities
8. Public Transport Conduct
When using Japan’s efficient transport system:
- Offer priority seats to elderly, disabled, pregnant, or passengers with small children
- Queue at marked positions on platforms
- Hold handrails on escalators, standing on the left (right in Osaka)
- Avoid eating or applying makeup on trains
9. Greetings and Bowing
Understanding basic greeting customs:
- Learn to bow appropriately (slight bow for casual situations)
- Master basic phrases like “arigatou gozaimasu” (thank you)
- Avoid physical contact during greetings
- Return courtesies when shop staff bow or greet you
10. Additional Footwear Customs
Beyond basic shoe removal:
- Use toilet slippers only within toilet areas
- Avoid stepping on tatami mats with slippers
- Align slippers neatly when removing them
- Remember different areas require different footwear
11. Shopping Etiquette
When visiting shops and restaurants:
- Place money in the provided tray rather than handing it directly
- Handle merchandise with care
- Return clothes to hangers properly after trying them on
- Maintain appropriate queuing distance at tills
12. Street Etiquette
Whilst navigating Japanese streets:
- Avoid eating or drinking whilst walking
- Refrain from using mobile phones whilst walking
- Observe smoking restrictions in public areas
- Keep to designated cycling and pedestrian zones
Conclusion
Whilst these customs might seem numerous, they reflect Japan’s emphasis on consideration for others and social harmony. Japanese people are generally understanding towards visitors who make honest mistakes, but demonstrating awareness of these customs will greatly enhance your experience and interactions with locals.
Remember that cultural differences are natural, and perfection isn’t expected. However, showing respect for these customs will undoubtedly contribute to a more meaningful and enjoyable visit to Japan.
Further Learning
For those who wish to deepen their understanding of Japanese etiquette and protocol, we highly recommend the Japanese Etiquette and Protocol courses offered by the International Protocol and Etiquette Academy (IPCA). These comprehensive courses provide detailed instruction on Japanese business and social customs, allowing you to navigate Japanese society with confidence and respect.
Learn more about these courses at: International Protocol and Etiquette Academy – Japanese Etiquette and Protocol Courses
